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Adrenal cortex physiology

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      • Cortisol is a [...]corticoid.
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      • Cortisol [...]creases blood glucose levels.
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      • Cortisol [...]creases gluconeogenesis.
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      • Cortisol [...]creases the use of fatty acids for energy.
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      • Cortisol moderately [...]creases the use of glucose for energy.
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      • Cortisol [...]creases the degradation of non-hepatic proteins.
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      • Cortisol [...]creases the synthesis of hepatic proteins.
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      • Steroid hormone receptors are [...]tracellular.
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      • What are the 3 zones of the adrenal cortex?
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      • The zona [...] of the adrenal cortex controls salt and water balance.
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      • The zona [...] of the adrenal cortex regulates carbohydrate levels.
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      • The adrenal gland is composed of an outer [...] and an inner [...].
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      • What is the main hormone secreted in the zona glomerulosa of the adrenal gland?
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      • Aldosterone is secreted in the zona [...] of the adrenal gland.
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      • What is the main hormone secreted in the zona fasciculata of the adrenal gland?
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      • Cortisol is secreted in the zona [...] of the adrenal gland.
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      • The adrenal medulla receives a [...]ergic [...]ganglionic [...]pathetic input.
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      • When are levels of plasma cortisol the highest?
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      • When are levels of plasma cortisol the lowest?
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      • Hydrocortisone is another name for the hormone [...].
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      • Cortisol is also called [...].
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      • Cortisol [...]-regulates the release of ACTH from the anterior pituitary.
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      • Cortisol [...]-regulates the release of CRH from the hypothalamus.
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      • Which 2 stimuli up-regulate the release of CRH from the hypothalamus and thus the release of cortisol?
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      • [...] is the precursor of all steroid hormones.
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      • In the adrenal gland, which 2° messenger is activated by ACTH to stimulate the production of cortisol?
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      • In the adrenal gland, which enzyme liberates cholesterol from lipid droplets in order to allow cortisol synthesis?
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      • Are cortisol and aldosterone free or bound to proteins in plasma?
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      • Which 2 plasma proteins bind cortisol and aldosterone?
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      • When steroids have entered the cell and bound to a cytoplasmic receptor, [...] dissociates from the receptor.
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      • Steroid hormone-receptor complexes are translocated to the nucleus as [...]mers.
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      • Glucocorticoids [...]crease glucose uptake into the cell.
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      • Glucocorticoids [...]crease gluconeogenesis.
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      • Glucocorticoids [...]crease protein synthesis.
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      • Glucocorticoids [...]crease protein breakdown.
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      • Glucocorticoids [...]crease osteoblast activity.
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      • Glucocorticoids [...]crease osteoclast activity.
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      • Glucocorticoids [...]crease COX-2 expression.
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      • Glucocorticoids [...]crease cytokine production.
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      • Glucocorticoids [...]crease complement in plasma.
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      • Glucocorticoids [...]crease nitric oxide production.
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      • Glucocorticoids [...]crease histamine release.
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      • Glucocorticoids [...]crease IgG production.
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      • Glucocorticoids [...]crease PLA2 activity.
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      • Does cortisol or aldosterone have a greater affinity for the mineralocorticoid receptor?
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      • Which enzyme converts cortisol into cortisone?
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      • The enzyme 11βHSD converts [...] into [...].
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      • Does cortisol activate the mineralocorticoid receptor?
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      • Does cortisone activate the mineralocorticoid receptor?
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      • Does aldosterone activate the mineralocorticoid receptor?
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      • Which enzyme is expressed in aldosterone-sensitive tissue to prevent cortisol from activating the mineralocorticoid receptor?
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      • Why is the enzyme 11βHSD expressed in aldosterone-sensitive tissues?
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      • What is the embryological origin of the adrenal cortex?
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      • Cortisol [...]-regulates the expression of α1 receptors on blood vessels.
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      • Cortisol up-regulates the expression of [...] receptors on blood vessels.
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      • Cortisol [...]creases bone formation.
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      • Cortisol [...]-regulates the production of leukotrienes and prostaglandins.
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      • What effect does cortisol have on leukocyte adhesion?
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      • What effect does cortisol have on histamine release from mast cells?
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      • What effect does cortisol have on eosinophil survival?
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      • What effect does cortisol have on IL-2 production?
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      • What effect does cortisol have on lipolysis?
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Mbbs2 endocrinology

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