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Most correctly guessed answers
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- Bones contain 99.9% of the body's stock of which mineral?
- Ca2+
- 100.0%
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- What is the mineral component of bones which makes them rigid?
- Hydroxyapatite
- 100.0%
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- What does the osteoclast do to bone?
- Destroys it
- 100.0%
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- What does the osteoblast do to bone?
- Synthesizes it
- 100.0%
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- [...] are cells which destroy bone.
- Osteoclasts
- 100.0%
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- [...] are cells which synthesize bone.
- Osteoblasts
- 100.0%
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- [...] bone contains red bone marrow.
- Spongy
- 100.0%
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- [...] bone contains yellow bone marrow.
- Compact
- 100.0%
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- The skeleton is completely renewed every [...] years.
- 10
- 100.0%
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- The [...] is the cavity in the middle of a compact bone which contains yellow bone marrow.
- medullary, cavity
- 100.0%
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- Osteoclasts burrow through compact bones, leaving behind tunnels called [...].
- Haversian canals
- 100.0%
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- What is an osteocyte?
- Osteoblast after it has become imprisoned in bone matrix
- 100.0%
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- Osteoblasts lay down new bone matrix in concentric circles called [...].
- lamellae
- 100.0%
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- Osteocytes exhange nutrients through [...].
- canaliculi
- 100.0%
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- Osteocalcin is a marker of which tissue?
- Bone
- 100.0%
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- What are the 4 major types of cells found in bone?
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Osteoprogenitor
Osteoblast
Osteoclast
Osteocyte - 100.0%
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- Which 2 ions are stored in bone?
-
Ca2+
HPO(4)2- - 100.0%
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- Is bone mineralized?
- Yes
- 100.0%
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- What are the 2 types of ossification processes?
-
Endochondral
Intramembranous - 100.0%
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- Which kind of ossification depends on cartilage?
- Endochondral
- 100.0%
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- What are 2 other names for spongy bone?
- Cancellous and trabecular
- 100.0%
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- Can bone grow appositionally?
- Yes
- 100.0%
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- Can bone grow interstitially?
- No
- 100.0%
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- The non-articular surface of bone is covered by [...].
- periosteum
- 100.0%
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- The medullary cavity of a bone is lined with [...].
- endosteum
- 100.0%
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- The [...] of the bone, between the diaphysis and the epiphysis, contains the growth plate.
- metaphysis
- 100.0%
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- Immature bone is [...] in type, while both compact and spongy bone are [...].
- woven, lamellar
- 100.0%
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- In spongy bone, lamellae are apposed to form [...].
- trabeculae
- 100.0%
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-
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- In spongy bone, how are trabeculae arranged?
- Along lines of stress
- 100.0%
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- Osteoblasts secrete the enzyme [...], which neutralizes the inhibitory effects of pyrophosphate on Ca2+ deposition.
- alkaline phosphatase
- 100.0%
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- The ruffled border of osteoclasts is made of [...].
- microvilli
- 100.0%
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- Osteoclasts secrete [...] to demineralise bone matrix.
- H+
- 100.0%
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- Osteoclasts secrete [...] to degrade the organic components of bone matrix.
- lysosomal enzymes
- 100.0%
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- [...] ossification occurs when bone develops from a pre-existing cartilage model.
- Endochondral
- 100.0%
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- [...] ossification occurs when bone develops in mesenchyme.
- Intramembranous
- 100.0%
-
- What is a medullary cavity?
- Cavity in a compact bone
- 75.0%
-
- How long does newly formed bone matrix take to mineralise?
- 48 hours
- 75.0%
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- Osteoclasts resorb bone and leave behind traces called [...].
- Howship's lacunae
- 75.0%
-
- What is the chemical reaction which allows osteoclasts to degrade bone?
- H2O + CO2 --> HCO3- + H+
- 75.0%
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- The medullary cavity of a compact bone is filled with [...] bone marrow.
- yellow
- 75.0%
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- What is another name for compact bone?
- Dense
- 75.0%
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- Flat bones are a sandwich of [...] bone between 2 layers of [...] bone.
- spongy, compact
- 75.0%
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- A Haversian system/osteon is surrounded by a [...] of mineralized matrix.
- cement line
- 75.0%
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- Osteoprogenitor cells are derived from [...] stem cells.
- mesenchymal
- 75.0%
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- Where are osteoprogenitor cells found in spongy bone?
- Near blood vessels
- 75.0%
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- Where are osteoprogenitor cells found in compact bone?
- At the periosteum and the endosteum
- 75.0%
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- Calcium deposition in bone formation is [...]ted by pyrophosphate.
- inhibi
- 75.0%
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- [...] cells are found at the surface of bone when it is not being remodelled.
- Bone-lining
- 75.0%
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- Osteoclasts derive from [...] stem cells.
- haemopoeitic
- 75.0%
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- In the growth plate of a bone, the zone of [...] is where chondrocytes proliferate to give longitudinal columns.
- proliferation
- 75.0%
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- In the growth plate of a bone, the zone of [...] is where chondrocytes enlarge and the matrix calcifies.
- hypertrophy and calcification
- 75.0%
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- In the growth plate of a bone, the zone of [...] is where chondrocytes die and lacunae are invaded by osteoclasts, osteoprogenitor cells, and capillaries.
- degeneration
- 75.0%
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- In the growth plate of a bone, the [...] zone is where osteoblasts lay down bone on top of the remaining calcified cartilage.
- osteogenic
- 75.0%
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- Newly formed woven bone is also known as [...].
- primary spongiosum
- 75.0%
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- In the growth plate of a bone, the zone of [...] is where the chondrocytes are quiescent.
- reserve cartilage
- 50.0%
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