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Most correctly guessed answers

      • Blood leaking back through a heart valve when it should be closed is known as [...].
      • regurgitation
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      • A small patency in the fossa ovalis of the adult heart is called a [...].
      • probe patency
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      • Uncoordinated contraction of the heart is called [...].
      • fibrillation
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      • [...] is a condition which results from the interruption of blood supply to the heart, causing myocytes to die.
      • Myocardial infarction
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      • [...] is chest pain due to ischemia of the heart muscle, often preceding a myocardial infarction.
      • Angina pectoris
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      • When is the heart considered to be hypertrophied on an X-ray?
      • Transverse diameter of the heart > diameter of hemi-thorax
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      • If the SA node of the heart stops acting as a pacemaker, which patch of myocytes most commonly takes over?
      • AV node
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      • Is a split S1 heart sound pathological?
      • Yes
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      • Is a split S2 heart sound pathological?
      • Normal during inspiration and exercise, particularly in the young
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      • What is the ejection click heart sound caused by?
      • Opening of stenotic semilunar valve
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      • What is the opening snap heart sound caused by?
      • Opening of stenotic AV valve
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      • What happens to coronary arteries during prolonged low-level ischemia?
      • Formation of collaterals which anastemose to ensure blood supply to the whole heart
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      • Why is the heart more prone to ischaemia when the heart rate increases?
      • Diastole is shorter so blood flow to the coronary arteries decreases
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      • Decrease in blood pressure [...]creases the risk of coronary heart disease.
      • de
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      • An [...] or [...] is a disturbance of the normal rhythmic beating of the heart.
      • arrhythmia, dysrhythmia
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      • Cardiac hypertrophy [...]creases capillary density in the heart.
      • de
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      • An S3/S4 gallop implies that filling pressure of the heart is [...].
      • high
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      • The presence of both the S3 and S4 heart sounds is called a [...].
      • gallop rhythm
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      • A gallop rhythm is the presence of the abnormal S[...] and S[...] heart sounds.
      • 3, 4
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      • Turbulent blood flow in the heart produces a sound called a [...].
      • murmur
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      • What are 3 causes of an abnormal right to left shunt?
      • Collapsed lung (e.g. atelectasis)
        Consolidated lung (e.g. lobar pneumonia)
        Congenital heart disease (e.g. Fallot's tetralogy)
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      • In septal defects, blood moves from the [...] to [...] side of the heart following pressure gradients.
      • left, right
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      • [...] is enlargement of the right ventricle of the heart due to pulmonary hypertension.
      • Cor pulmonale
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      • Cor pulmonale is enlargement of the [...] ventricle of the heart due to pulmonary hypertension.
      • right
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      • Cor pulmonale is enlargement of the right [...] of the heart due to pulmonary hypertension.
      • ventricle
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      • Cor pulmonale is enlargement of the right ventricle of the heart due to [...].
      • pulmonary hypertension
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