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Heart pathology

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      • Blood leaking back through a heart valve when it should be closed is known as [...].
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      • A small patency in the fossa ovalis of the adult heart is called a [...].
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      • Uncoordinated contraction of the heart is called [...].
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      • [...] is a condition which results from the interruption of blood supply to the heart, causing myocytes to die.
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      • [...] is chest pain due to ischemia of the heart muscle, often preceding a myocardial infarction.
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      • When is the heart considered to be hypertrophied on an X-ray?
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      • If the SA node of the heart stops acting as a pacemaker, which patch of myocytes most commonly takes over?
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      • Is a split S1 heart sound pathological?
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      • Is a split S2 heart sound pathological?
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      • What is the ejection click heart sound caused by?
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      • What is the opening snap heart sound caused by?
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      • What happens to coronary arteries during prolonged low-level ischemia?
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      • Why is the heart more prone to ischaemia when the heart rate increases?
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      • Decrease in blood pressure [...]creases the risk of coronary heart disease.
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      • An [...] or [...] is a disturbance of the normal rhythmic beating of the heart.
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      • Cardiac hypertrophy [...]creases capillary density in the heart.
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      • An S3/S4 gallop implies that filling pressure of the heart is [...].
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      • The presence of both the S3 and S4 heart sounds is called a [...].
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      • A gallop rhythm is the presence of the abnormal S[...] and S[...] heart sounds.
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      • Turbulent blood flow in the heart produces a sound called a [...].
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      • What are 3 causes of an abnormal right to left shunt?
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      • In septal defects, blood moves from the [...] to [...] side of the heart following pressure gradients.
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      • [...] is enlargement of the right ventricle of the heart due to pulmonary hypertension.
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      • Cor pulmonale is enlargement of the [...] ventricle of the heart due to pulmonary hypertension.
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      • Cor pulmonale is enlargement of the right [...] of the heart due to pulmonary hypertension.
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      • Cor pulmonale is enlargement of the right ventricle of the heart due to [...].
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Mbbs1 chest cardiology

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